Verdevia

Research atlas

Context before calculation.

Official sources across Canada, the United States, Mexico, Brazil, and regional energy systems show why process, unit, control state, and geography must remain explicit.

Official context, not SPPE performance evidence

Official context, not SPPE performance evidence

0.15% · Health Canada used this as a modelled/assumed total evaporation input for a station scenario without vapour recovery. It is not a measured national loss rate or an SPPE result.

43.8 billion litres · Statistics Canada’s gross Canadian gasoline sales for 2024. Sales establish market activity, not evaporation or station throughput.

35,287 tonnes within 55,841 tonnes · ECCC’s storage/loading VOC estimate within a broader baseline for covered petroleum, petrochemical, bulk, and related facilities—not retail stations or gasoline alone.

US emission factors: useful, but not interchangeable

EPA AP-42 Section 5.2 provides 2008 average mass-emission factors for defined processes and control states. Values are milligrams of VOC/organic material per litre of throughput. They are not liquid-volume loss percentages, site measurements, compliance limits, or SPPE performance data.

Selected US EPA AP-42 Section 5.2 average factors (2008)
Process Control context Factor (mg/L throughput)
Underground-tank filling Submerged, uncontrolled 880
Underground-tank filling Splash, uncontrolled 1,380
Underground-tank filling Balanced submerged 40
Underground-tank breathing/emptying Average 120
Vehicle-refuelling displacement Uncontrolled 1,320
Vehicle-refuelling displacement Controlled 132
Vehicle-refuelling spillage Separate category 80

8.906 million barrels per day · EIA's 2025 finished motor gasoline product-supplied figure is a national consumption proxy, not station throughput or evaporation.

Mexico · NOM-004-ASEA-2017 addresses vapour-recovery systems, testing, and maintenance at retail stations in specified areas. It is not presented as nationwide and does not approve SPPE.

Brazil · ANP publishes current gasoline-sales data and a 2026 statistical yearbook. Market data are not evaporative-loss data, and fuel-composition changes limit casual comparisons.

Latin America and the Caribbean · OLACDE and ECLAC provide official energy coverage, but no comparable regional retail-station evaporative-loss series was identified. An evidence-coverage matrix is more honest than an invented total.

Four rules for reading the data

  1. Keep liquid throughput separate from liquid-equivalent loss.
  2. Keep VOC mass separate from gasoline liquid volume.
  3. Keep modelled assumptions separate from measured site results.
  4. Keep external context separate from SPPE evidence.

Official sources

Sources last reviewed 21 July 2026. Links open the official authority pages.

External links open the official authority pages. No source is presented as an endorsement of Verdevia or SPPE.